Language...January 8, 2011/Margith Strand/

The Structure of Experience
barbara tversky, jeffrey m. zacks,
& bridgette martin hard

Continuous Sensation/Discrete Mind

Language

Wholes and Parts

We begin with language, whose structure and organization have been
studied for generations. Indeed, the structure of language has served as
an instructive analogy for that of bodies, scenes, and events, and vice
versa. Here, we overview the features of language that have served the
analogies. Language has distinctive characteristics—at the levels of frequency,phonology, and more—that allow it to be distinguished from
the background of other sound. Language decomposes into parts on
many levels: discourse has as parts sentences or utterances, utterances
have as parts words or morphemes, morphemes have as parts sounds or
phonemes.

Each higher level serves as the whole for a more elementary
level. The bases for segmenting into components as well as the rules of
combination of components change at each level, and in fact vary with
the individual language. The level of phonemes (units of sound) and the
level of morphemes (units of meaning) are most relevant here.

Ground of signs....to be used in Distance Education/Dissertation/Margith Strand/January 8, 2011

Peirce sometimes referred to the “ground” of a sign. The ground is the pure abstraction of a quality.[20] A sign's ground is the respect in which the sign represents its object, e.g. as in literal and figurative language. For example, an icon presents a characteristic or quality attributed to an object, while a symbol imputes to an object a quality either presented by an icon or symbolized so as to evoke a mental icon.

Reference: Wikipedia {Meaning of Signs: Semiotic Analysis}

More on Signs...Margith Strand/January 8, 2011:)

Triadic signs

Charles Sanders Peirce (1839–1914) proposed a different theory. Unlike Saussure who approached the conceptual question from a study of linguistics and phonology, Peirce was a somewhat Kantian philosopher who distinguished "sign" from "word" as only a particular kind of sign, and characterized the sign as the means to understanding. He covered not only artificial, linguistic, and symbolic signs, but all semblances, for example kindred sensible qualities, and all indicators, for example mechanical reactions, and counted, as symbols, all terms, propositions, and arguments even apart from their expression in particular languages. He held that "all this universe is perfused with signs, if it is not composed exclusively of signs".[3] The setting of Peirce's study of signs is philosophical logic, which he defined as formal semiotic,[4] and characterized as a normative field following esthetics and ethics, as more basic than metaphysics[5], and as the art of devising methods of research[6]. He argued that, since all thought takes time, all thought is in signs,[7] that all thought has the form of inference (even when not conscious and deliberate),[7] and that, as inference, "logic is rooted in the social principle", since inference depends on a standpoint that, in a sense, is unlimited.[8] The result is a theory not of language in particular, but rather of the production of meaning, and it rejects the idea of a static relationship between a sign and that which it represents, its object. Peirce believed that signs are meaningful through recursive relationships that arise in sets of three.

Material to be used on Dissertation/Distance Education for Margith Strand/Fielding

Reference: Wikipedia {Meaning of Signs: Semiotic Analysis}

Definition of Sign

In semiotics, a sign is "something that stands for something, to someone in some capacity"[1] It may be understood as a discrete unit of meaning, and includes words, images, gestures, scents, tastes, textures, sounds – essentially all of the ways in which information can be communicated as a message by any sentient, reasoning mind to another.

Reference: Wikipedia/2010

Variables for Distance Learning and Teaching/ Margith Strand/ January 8, 2011

Signifiers and ground are my variables in Distance Learning and Teaching...Margith Strand [January 8, 2011]. [From Semiotic Analysis....signs:)

Inhabit the "image"/Imaginal Psychology/My application to Distance Education/Margith Strand/January 7, 2011

Imagery...inhabit the "image"

Imaginal...."soul"

Distance Education and the concept of inhabit the "image"

In terms of complex representations that match the input that I have made today...Thoughts and such...in terms of process and description.

Imaginal Psychology/January 7, 2011

Imaginal Psychology is a recent branch of psychology which considers soul to be psychology’s primary concern. Central to this new discipline is the idea that the 'soul' expresses itself in images, and that care of the soul requires that we pay great attention to the images we 'inhabit'. This approach to psychology draws on a variety of spiritual traditions, the religious beliefs of indigenous peoples, mythology, literature and poetry, Deep Ecology, and social critique.

Imaginal Psychology is an attempt to revive traditional spirituality in ways relevant to our contemporary lives, enabling a distinctly postmodern approach to psychology to emerge; advocates consider secularism, rationalism and modernity to be negative forces, and believe that postmodernism's more relativistic worldview will be more conducive to human happiness

Reference: Wikipedia/2010